进展：美国全面启动短程反硝化[PnDN]-Anammox示范项目
本项目题目“When a Detour Becomes a Shortcut: Going Full-scale with Partial Denitrification/Anammox as an Alternative Strategy for Mainstream Deammonification and Incorporating Biological Phosphorus Removal”，Project Amount:$999,670；项目实施周期是2020年9月至2023年8月31号，3周年时间。课题具体目标是通过提高厌氧氨氧化细菌(Anammox)在主流系统中的亚硝酸盐利用率，为快速去除氮过程的全面应用铺平道路。
基于部分反硝化(PDN)路线，不是通过洗出NOB（亚硝酸盐氧化细菌）的技术路径（传统短程硝化路径），而是通过PnDN过程将可能提供更可靠的亚硝酸盐来源，PnDN-Anammox技术路线可能是更有利于生产尺度上加速自养脱氮的实施和推进。
Description:
Nutrient management and removal technologies currently in use at point sources, such as wastewater treatment plants, are mainly biological (for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal) or a combination of biological and chemical (for P removal) processes that have been used since the early 1970s. In recent years, research has been focused on alternative N removal strategies that can reduce capital, chemical, and energy costs. Mainstream shortcut N removal and mainstream deammonification processes represent a paradigm shift for the industry, offering the opportunity for sustainable N removal, energy neutral or even energy positive facilities and dramatic reductions in treatment costs, which has widespread environmental benefits in reducing the formation of HABs. But full-scale implementation has met with limited success.
Objective:
The specific objective of this project is to pave the way for full-scale applications of shortcut N removal processes, by increasing nitrite availability for anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (anammox) in mainstream systems. Shortcut N removal systems developed based on the partial denitrification (PdN) route rather than the NOB (nitrite oxidizing bacteria) out-selection route, will likely provide more reliable nitrite production and could accelerate full-scale implementation of shortcut N technologies.
Partial denitrification/anammox (PdNA) technologies span a range of readiness levels. The attached growth polishing PdNA concepts that will be explored further in this project have already been partially validated in pilot testing and full-scale treatment plants. HRSD transitioned their York River Treatment Plant post-dentification filters to PdNA almost two years ago, the first real full-scale example of mainstream anammox oxidizing a relevant amount of the influent ammonia load. Based on the successful outcome of piloting PdNA in a polishing moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) process, the pending full-scale nutrient upgrade for the HRSD James River plant will include this technology. This project will address remaining unknowns with designing and operating polishing PdNA processes.
Integrated PdNA applications, whereby anammox are incorporated into the main plant BNR process pre- or post-anoxic zones, have been validated conceptually in laboratory and pilot studies at DC Water and Columbia University, and this project will move these concepts rapidly to full-scale application. This project will also evaluate the integration of biological P removal with PdNA shortcut N removal.
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